Tannenberg battle scheme12/6/2023 ![]() This was convincingly shown by the Russian general A.A. Russia entered into the war without clear aims and tasks, without logical military doctrine, without proper strategy, and absolutely unprepared materially and technically.Ī backward, agrarian country with the illiterate population torn by social contradictions, Russia was unable to supply its army with all that was necessary. Heavy economic dependence forced the Russian Empire to pay for the alien interests with the blood of its people. It was quite evident that the war did not correspond to the national interests of the country.īy the beginning of the 20th century Russia became the world's biggest debtor. The absolute majority of Russian soldiers were of peasant origin, illiterate and susceptible to the agitation and propaganda of various forces which undermined not only the military might of the state, but even its very foundations. This was why the country, which was almost always gripped by hunger, had been forced to export thousands of tons of grain (4) and other food products at dumping prices. From 30 to 50 percent of industrial consumer goods were imported. On the whole, the volume of industrial output in Russia was 2.5 times less than in France and six times less than in Germany even in 1913, the most favorable year for the country. Our economy was unable to produce independently even a single engine due to the absence of special steel. The per capita steel output was one-eighth of that of Germany (in all, 4.8 million tons against 17.6 million tons, that is, 27 percent), and the output of the engineering industry reached only six percent of the volume of the output of the heavy industry. The quality of the instruments of production in Russia was five times worse than in Germany and ten times worse than in the United States. In absolute figures the national income in 1914 was 5.3 times lower than in the United States, 1.7 times lower than in Germany, and 1.6 times lower than in Britain. In 1913 Russia held fourth place in Europe in the volume of the GDR Its per capita national income comprised only 32 percent of Germany's level and 11.5 percent of the American level. The unprecedented "economic flourishing of Russia in the early 20th century" vanished into thin air with the first salvo on the Prussian border, because it was only founded on dumping export and foreign loans. By the beginning of World War I the economic lag of Russia behind the advanced countries became greater.
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